Cirroctopus
Michael Vecchione and Richard E. Young- Cirroctopus antarctica (Kubodera & Okutani, 1986)
- Cirroctopus glacialis (Robson, 1930) (Robson, 1930)
- Cirroctopus hochbergi O'Shea, 1999
- Cirroctopus mawsoni (Berry, 1917)
Introduction
Members of Cirroctopus are more muscular than is typical for cirrate octopods. The fins are extremely large and the eyes tilt dorsally. Members of the genus are restricted to high latitudes of the southern hemisphere. Cirroctopus is probably the most distinctive of the four opisthoteuthid genera.
Diagnosis
An opisthoteuthid ...
- with very large fins.
- with V-shaped shell.
Characteristics
- Arms and web
- Suckers not enlarged in males.
- Sucker aperature without tooth-like structures.
- Cirrus length comparable to largest sucker diameter.
- Web nodules absent.
- Fins
- Fins long (greater than body width) and very broad.
- Fins long (greater than body width) and very broad.
- Mantle cavity
- Mantle septum fused posteriorly with mantle wall. (This is a unique feature within the Octopoda.)
- Gill (photograph above right) with half-orange appearance and with characteristic zig-zag arrangement of secondary lamellae.
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new windowFigure. Left - Diagram of G. glacialis with the ventral wall of the mantle cavity removed to show fusion of the mantle septum with the posterior mantle wall. Drawing from Vecchione and Young, 1997. Right - Ventral view of preserved gill of G. glacialis. Photograph by R. Young.
- Digestive tract
- Caecum nearly equal to or much larger than stomach.
- Intestine long (ca. 2.5 times esophagus length) with a variety of right-angle turns.
- Unilobular digestive gland.
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new windowFigure. Side view of the digestive tract of C. glacialis with the complex orientation of the intestine. The label "bend" indicates a sharp bend in the intestine toward the viewer that isn't otherwise clearly apparent. Drawing from Vecchione and Young, 1997.
- Nephridial sacs
- Nephridial sacs extensive.
- Nephridial sacs with glandular lining on walls of sacs in additional to renal appendages.
- Pigmentation
- Areolar spots present in young and near eyes and base of fins in adults.
- Areolar spots present in young and near eyes and base of fins in adults.
- White body, optic lobe and optic-nerve tract
- White bodies meet in dorsal midline.
- Numerous optic nerve bundles penetrate white body.
- Optic lobe kidney-shaped in cross-section.
- Shell
- Shell V-shaped with long wings and short saddle.
Comments
The four species of Cirroctopus are poorly differentiated at present. Although a few potentially differentiating characters are known, identification must rely heavily on geographic location until the species are better known.
References
O’Shea, Steve. 1999. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Octopoda (Mollusca: Cephalopoda). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir 112: 280pp.
Vecchione, M. and R. E. Young. 1997 Aspects of the functional morphology of cirrate octopods: locomotion and feeding. Vie Milieu 47(2):101-110.
Voss, G. L. and W. G. Pearcy. 1990. Deep-water octopods (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) of the Northeastern Pacific. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 47: 47-94.
Title Illustrations
![Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window](http://tolweb.org/tolarchive/20103/20080404/tree/img/magnify.gif)
Scientific Name | Grimpoteuthis glacialis |
---|---|
Reference | Vecchione, M. and R. E. Young. 1997 Aspects of the functional morphology of cirrate octopods: locomotion and feeding. Vie Milieu 47(2):101-110. |
View | Right, ventral |
ToL Image Use |
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Copyright |
© 1997
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About This Page
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. , USA
Richard E. Young
University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
Page copyright © 2003 and Richard E. Young
Page: Tree of Life
Cirroctopus
Authored by
. Michael Vecchione and Richard E. Young.
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- First online 13 May 2003
- Content changed 04 April 2008
Citing this page:
Vecchione, Michael and Young, Richard E. 2008. Cirroctopus http://tolweb.org/Cirroctopus/20103/2008.04.04 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
. Version 04 April 2008 (under construction).