Acanthocephala

References

Conway Morris, S. and D. W. T. Crompton. 1982. The origins and evolution of the Acanthocephala. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 57:85–115.

Crompton, D. W. T. and B. B. Nickol, eds. 1985. Biology of the Acanthocephala. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

García-Varela, M., M. P. Cummings, G. Pérez-Ponce de León, S. L. Gardner and J. P. Laclette. 2002. analysis based on 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequences supports the existence of class polyacanthocephala (acanthocephala). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23:288-292.

García-Varela, M., G. Pérez-Ponce de León, P. De la Torre, M. P. Cummings, S. S. S. Sarma and J. P. Laclette. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships of acanthocephala based on analysis of 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution 50:532–540.

Garey, J. R., T. J. Near, M. R. Nonnemacher, and S. A. Nadler. 1996. Molecular evidence for Acanthocephala as a subtaxon of Rotifera. Journal of Molecular Evolution 43:287-292.

Garey, J. R., A. Schmidt-Rhaesa, T. J. Near, and S. A. Nadler. 1998. The evolutionary relationships of rotifers and acanthocephalans. Hydrobiologia 387:83-91.

Mark Welch, D. B. 2000. Evidence from a protein-coding gene that acanthocephalans are rotifers. Invertebrate Biology 119:17-26.

Miquelis, A., J.-F. Martin, E. W. Carson, G. Brun, and André Gilles. 2000. Performance of 18S rDNA helix E23 for phylogenetic relationships within and between the Rotifera–Acanthocephala clades. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Sciences de la vie/Life Sciences 323:925–941.

Near, J.T., J. R. Garey, and S. A. Nadler. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships of the acanthocephala inferred from 18S ribosomal DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 10:287–298.

Zrzavy, J. 2001. The interrelationships of metazoan parasites: a review of phylum- and higher-level hypotheses from recent morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Folia Parasitologica 48:81-103.