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Armaniinaegroup is extinct

Classification after Bolton (2003).
Containing group: Formicidae

Characteristics

The position of the Armaniinae within the Formicidae is still uncertain, owing to the inability to discern a metapleural gland in all known fossils. Bolton (2003) includes them in the Formicidae and gives a diagnosis for the subfamily. They differ from other ants in having a short scape and a poorly differentiated petiole, both primitive conditions. Only alate queens and males are known.

References

Bolton, B. 1994. Identification Guide to the Ant Genera of the World. 222 pp. Cambridge, Mass.

Bolton, B. 1995. A New General Catalog of the Ants of the World. 504 pp. Cambridge, Mass.

Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. 370 pp. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, Vol. 71. Gainesville, FL.

Carpenter, F. M. 1992. Formicidae. Pp. 490-495 in: Kaesler, R. L. (ed.). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part R. Arthropoda 4. Volume 4: Superclass Hexapoda: 279-655. Boulder.

Dlussky, G. M. 1983. Novoe semeistvo pozdnemelovykh pereponchatokrylykh - "promezhutochnoe zveno" mezhdu murav'yami i skolioidami. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1983 (No. 3): 65-78. [Russian]

Dlussky, G. M. 1996. Ants from Burmese Amber. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1996 (No. 3): 83-89. [Russian]

Dlussky, G. M. 1999. Pervaya nakhodka formikoidov v nizhnemelovykh otlozheniyakh severnogo polyshariya. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1999 (No. 3): 62-66. [Russian]

Dlussky, G. M. and E. B. Fedoseeva. 1988. Proiskhozhdenie i rannie etapy evolyutsii murav'ev. Pp. 70-144 in: Ponomarenko, A. G. Melovoi Biotsenoticheskii Krizis i Evolyutsiya Nasekomykh: 228 pp. Moskva. [Russian]

Grimaldi, D., Agosti, D., and J. M. Carpenter. 1997. New and rediscovered primitive ants in Cretaceous amber from New Jersey, and their phylogenetic relationships. American Museum Novitates 3208: 1-43.

Rasnitsyn, A. P. 2002. Order Hymenoptera. Pp. 242-254 in: Rasnitsyn, A. P. & Quicke, D. L. J. (eds.). History of Insects: 517 pp. Kluwer, Dordrecht.

Wilson, E. O. 1987. The earliest known ants: an analysis of the Cretaceous species and an inference regarding their social organization. Paleobiology 13: 44-53.

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Tree of Life Web Project. 2004. Armaniinae. Version 20 March 2004 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Armaniinae/11246/2004.03.20 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/

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