Cardiapoda richardi
Roger R. SeapyIntroduction
Cardiapoda richardi is distinguished from C. placenta by the following: small adult body size (to about 30 mm); eight gills located at the entrance to the mantle cavity; lens of the eye rests in a depression in a black base of hemispherical shape; fin sucker present only in males; tail with a low dorsal crest, a retractable, brown membranous structure on the mid-ventral surface, and a reddish-brown, filamentous tail extension.
Brief Diagnosis
A species of Cardiapoda with:
- Eight gills located at the entrance to the mantle cavity
- Lens of eye rests in a depression in a solid black base of hemispherical shape
- Fin sucker only in males
- Tail with a low dorsal crest
- Ventral surface of tail with a retractable, brown membranous structure
- Tail termines in a reddish-brown, filamentous extension
Characteristics
- Body morphology
- Eight gills located at entrance to mantle cavity
- Tentacles elongate and of equal length
- Numerous, small white spots cover the body. In side profile the spots appear elevated, like very low tubercles (click on the photo below for enlarged view). Each spot appears to consist of a cluster of minute, white specks.
- Lens of eye rests in a cup-like depression in a large, pigmented base
- Tail with a low dorsal crest, a brown membranous structure or expansion (see first title illustration) that can be retracted into an elongate mid-ventral groove (see below), and a terminal reddish-brown, filamentous extension that is highly contractile (compare the length of the tail extension in the two title illustrations). Thiriot-Quiévreux (1975) reported the presence of the membranous structure on the tail in larvae of the species.
- Radular morphology
- The radula from a juvenile C. richardi (see figure below) was characterized by Thiriot-Quiévreux (1975; see below). Unlike C. placenta and other carinariids, the central (rachidian) tooth consists of an elongate median cusp and unequal, short lateral cusps. Richter (1968) showed that in late larvae the central tooth of Carinaria lamarcki has an elongate median cusp and short lateral cusps. Conceivably, the radula of the juvenile C. richardi used by Thiriot-Quiévreux could have possessed this morphology, which would have been replaced by later teeth with the three cusps of the same shape and length.
- The radula from a juvenile C. richardi (see figure below) was characterized by Thiriot-Quiévreux (1975; see below). Unlike C. placenta and other carinariids, the central (rachidian) tooth consists of an elongate median cusp and unequal, short lateral cusps. Richter (1968) showed that in late larvae the central tooth of Carinaria lamarcki has an elongate median cusp and short lateral cusps. Conceivably, the radula of the juvenile C. richardi used by Thiriot-Quiévreux could have possessed this morphology, which would have been replaced by later teeth with the three cusps of the same shape and length.
- Shell
- Adult shell not characterized in the literature, but presumably similar to that of C. placenta (see C. placenta page)
- Larval shell globular, consisting of 3.25 whorls at the time of metamorphosis (Seapy, unpubl.). Spire whorls smooth except for a pair of elevated spiral ridges on the second whorl; also reported from C. placenta from the North Atlantic by Thiriot-Quiévreux, 1975). Umbilicus open, with about 13 elevated, radiating striae on wall. Aperture wide, slightly greater than 1/2 shell diameter
- Adult shell not characterized in the literature, but presumably similar to that of C. placenta (see C. placenta page)
References
Lalli, C. M. and R. W. Gilmer. 1989. Pelagic snails. The biology of holoplanktonic gastropod snails. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 259 pp.
Richter, G. and R. R. Seapy. 1999. Heteropoda, pp. 621-647. In: D. Boltovskoy (ed.), South Atlantic Zooplankton. Leiden: Backhuys Publ.
Seapy, R. R. and C. Thiriot-Quievreux. 1994. Veliger larvae of Carinariidae (Mollusca: Heteropoda) from Hawaiian waters. Veliger 37:336-343.
Tesch, J. J. 1949. Heteropoda. Dana Report 34. 54 pp.
Thiriot-Qui?vreux, C. Observations sur les larves et les adulte de Carinariidae (Mollusca: Heteropoda) de l'Oc?an Atlantique Nord. Marine Biology 32: 379-388.
About This Page
California State University, Fullerton, California, USA
Correspondence regarding this page should be directed to Roger R. Seapy at
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- First online 12 February 2008
- Content changed 30 May 2008
Citing this page:
Seapy, Roger R. . 2008. Cardiapoda richardi http://tolweb.org/Cardiapoda_richardi/28745/2008.06.30 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
. Version 30 June 2008.