Lycaena
the Coppers
Andrew V. Z. Brower- Lycaena phlaeas group
- Lycaena cupreus (the Lustrous Copper)
- Lycaena kiyokoae
- Lycaena phlaeas (the Small Copper)
- Lycaena sichuanica
- Lycaena dispar group
- Lycaena aeolus
- Lycaena dabrerai
- Lycaena dispar (the Large Copper)
- Lycaena kasyapa
- Lycaena pavana
- Lycaena splendens
- Lycaena standfussi
- Lycaena violacea
- Lycaena helle group
- Lycaena helle (the Violet Copper)
- Lycaena irmae
- Lycaena li
- Lycaena ouang
- Lycaena pang
- Lycaena svenhedini
- Lycaena tseng
- Lycaena virgaureae group
- Lycaena alciphron
- Lycaena bleusei
- Lycaena ottomanus
- Lycaena tityrus
- Lycaena virgaureae
- Lycaena hippothoe group
- Lycaena candens
- Lycaena hippothoe
- Lycaena thersamon group
- Lycaena aditya
- Lycaena alaica
- Lycaena alpherakii
- Lycaena asabinus
- Lycaena eberti
- Lycaena lampon
- Lycaena lamponides
- Lycaena ochimus
- Lycaena phoebus
- Lycaena solskyi
- Lycaena thersamon (the Lesser Fiery Copper)
- Lycaena thetis
- Lycaena orus group
- Lycaena clarki
- Lycaena orus
- Lycaena dione group
- Lycaena dione (the Gray Copper)
- Lycaena editha
- Lycaena gorgon
- Lycaena xanthoides (the Great Copper)
- Lycaena arota (the Tailed Copper)
- Lycaena hermes
- Lycaena rubidus group
- Lycaena rubidus (the Ruddy Copper)
- Lycaena heteronea
- Lycaena hyllus (the Bronze Copper)
- Lycaena epixanthe group
- Lycaena epixanthe (the Bog Copper)
- Lycaena dorcas
- Lycaena dospassosi
- Lycaena helloides
- Lycaena nivalis (the Lilac-bordered Copper)
- Lycaena mariposa
- New Zealand Lycaena group
- Lycaena boldenarum
- Lycaena feredayi
- Lycaena rauparaha
- Lycaena salustius
Introduction
A holarctic genus, with the exception of four species occurring in New Zealand and two in South Africa (orus group). Generic names have been proposed for most of the species groups and also for individual species that do not fit into the species groups, but these are all viewed as synonyms by most modern researchers.
Discussion of Phylogenetic Relationships
Species groups as identified here for the Palearctic species are those of Bozano & Weidenhoffer (2001), while the Nearctic groups are based on various now synonymized genera described by Scudder and others. The group is in need of a phylogenetic analysis.
Other Names for Lycaena
- Heodes
- Chysoptera
- Chrysophanus
- Lycia
- Migonitis
- Tharsalea
- Chalceria
- Epidemia
- Gaiedes
- Loweia
- Rumicia
- Thersamonia
- Palaeoloweia
- Palaeochrysophanus
- Thersamolycaena
- Helleia
- Disparia
- Palaeochrysophanus
- Rapsidia
- Antipodolycaena
- Hyllolycaena
- Hermelycaena
- Boldenaria
- Vernacular Names: the Coppers
References
Bozano, G. C. & Weidenhofer, Z. 2001 Guide to the butterflies of the Palearctic Region. Lycaenidae part I: Subfamily Lycaeninae. Guide to the butterflies of the Palearctic Region. Milan: Omnes Artes.
Lamas, G. 2004. Lycaeninae. pp. 137-138 in Lamas, G. (ed.) Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Checklist: Part 4A Hesperioidea - Papiionoidea. Gainesville: Scientific Publishers/Association of Tropical Lepidoptera.
About This Page
Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
Correspondence regarding this page should be directed to Andrew V. Z. Brower at
Page copyright © 2008
Page: Tree of Life Lycaena Authored by . the Coppers.Andrew V. Z. Brower. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.
- First online 29 April 2008
- Content changed 29 April 2008
Citing this page:
Brower, Andrew V. Z. 2008. Lycaena http://tolweb.org/Lycaena/111507/2008.04.29 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
. the Coppers. Version 29 April 2008 (under construction).