Junonia
Buckeyes and Pansies
Andrew V. Z. BrowerThis tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms.
The root of the current tree connects the organisms featured in this tree to their containing group and the rest of the Tree of Life. The basal branching point in the tree represents the ancestor of the other groups in the tree. This ancestor diversified over time into several descendent subgroups, which are represented as internal nodes and terminal taxa to the right.
You can click on the root to travel down the Tree of Life all the way to the root of all Life, and you can click on the names of descendent subgroups to travel up the Tree of Life all the way to individual species.
For more information on ToL tree formatting, please see Interpreting the Tree or Classification. To learn more about phylogenetic trees, please visit our Phylogenetic Biology pages.
close boxIntroduction
The cosmopolitan Junonia is phylogenetically distinct from Precis, contains the species formerly included in the African Kamilla, and also J. cytora, formerly included in Protogoniomorpha. The American "buckeye" butterflies sometimes placed in Precis are also included in this genus.
Discussion of Phylogenetic Relationships
The topology is based upon Kodandaramaiah and Wahlberg (2007).References
Ackery PR, Smith CR, and Vane-Wright RI eds. 1995. Carcasson's African butterflies. Canberra: CSIRO.
Corbet AS, Pendlebury HM, and Eliot JN. 1992. The butterflies of the Malay Peninsula. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.
Kodandaramaiah, U. & Wahlberg, N. 2007 Out-of-Africa origin and dispersal-mediated diversification of the butterfly genus Junonia (Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae). Journal of Evolutionary Biology xx, 1-6.
Parsons M. 1999. The butterflies of Papua New Guinea: their systematics and biology. Academic Press, San Diego.
Wahlberg N, Brower AVZ, and Nylin S. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships of tribes and genera in the subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) based on three gene sequences. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 86: 227-251.
About This Page
Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
Correspondence regarding this page should be directed to Andrew V. Z. Brower at
Page copyright © 2009
Page: Tree of Life Junonia Authored by . Buckeyes and Pansies.Andrew V. Z. Brower. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.
- First online 09 December 2006
- Content changed 06 May 2009
Citing this page:
Brower, Andrew V. Z. 2009. Junonia http://tolweb.org/Junonia/70320/2009.05.06 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
. Buckeyes and Pansies. Version 06 May 2009 (under construction).