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Ursidae

Bears

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Containing group: Carnivora

Other Names for Ursidae

References

Christiansen, P. 2007. Evolutionary implications of bite mechanics and feeding ecology in bears. Journal of Zoology 272(4):423-443.

Krause, J, Unger, T, Nocon, A, Malaspinas, AS, Kolokotronis, SO, Stiller, M, Soibelzon, L, Spriggs, H, Dear, PH, Briggs, AW, Bray, SCE, O'Brien, SJ, Rabeder, G, Matheus, P, Cooper, A, Slatkin, M, Paabo, S, Hofreiter, M. 2008. Mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary. BMC Evolutionary Biology 8:220.

Nakagome, S, Pecon-Slattery, J, Masuda, R. 2008. Unequal rates of Y chromosome gene divergence during speciation of the family Ursidae. Molecular Biology and Evolution 25 (7): 1344-1356.

Pages, M, Calvignac, S, Klein, C, Paris, M, Hughes, S, Hanni, C. 2008. Combined analysis of fourteen nuclear genes refines the Ursidae phylogeny. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47 (1): 73-83.

Talbot SL, Shields, GF. 1996. A phylogeny of the bears (ursidae) inferred from complete sequences of three mitochondrial genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5:567-575.

Waits, LP, Sullivan, J, O'Brien, SJ, Ward, RH. 1999. Rapid radiation events in the family Ursidae indicated by likelihood phylogenetic estimation from multiple fragments of mtDNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 13(1):82-92.

Yu, L, Li, YW, Ryder, OA,Zhang, Y-P. 2007. 2004. Phylogeny of the bears (Ursidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32(2):480-494.

Yu, L, Li, YW, Ryder, OA, Zhang, Y-P. 2007. Analysis of complete mitochondrial genome sequences increases phylogenetic resolution of bears (Ursidae), a mammalian family that experienced rapid speciation. BMC Evolutionary Biology 7:198.

Zhang YP, Ryder OA. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships of bears (the ursidae) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 3:351-359.

Title Illustrations
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Scientific Name Melursus ursinus
Location captive, Woodland Park Zoo
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Source hello sloth bear
Source Collection Flickr
Image Use creative commons This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License - Version 2.0.
Copyright © 2007 Lara
Scientific Name Ursus arctos horribilis
Location Brooks Falls National Park, Alaska, USA
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Source Fish supper
Source Collection Flickr
Image Use creative commons This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License - Version 2.0.
Copyright © 2006 Richard Forward
Scientific Name Ailuropoda melanoleuca
Location Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Source _MG_3815-china-chengdu-wolong-panda-reserve
Source Collection Flickr
Image Use creative commons This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License - Version 2.0.
Copyright © 2008 Ewen Bell
About This Page

Page: Tree of Life Ursidae. Bears. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.

Citing this page:

Tree of Life Web Project. 2008. Ursidae. Bears. Version 12 October 2008 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Ursidae/16015/2008.10.12 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/

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