Ephedra
- Ephedra alata
- Ephedra altissima
- Ephedra americana
- Ephedra antisyphilitica
- Ephedra aphylla
- Ephedra aspera
- Ephedra boelckei
- Ephedra breana
- Ephedra californica
- Ephedra chilensis
- Ephedra compacta
- Ephedra coryi
- Ephedra cutleri
- Ephedra distachya
- Ephedra equisetina
- Ephedra fasciculata
- Ephedra fedtschenkoae
- Ephedra foeminea
- Ephedra foliata
- Ephedra fragilis
- Ephedra frustillata
- Ephedra funerea
- Ephedra gerardiana
- Ephedra gracilis
- Ephedra holoptera
- Ephedra intermedia
- Ephedra lepidosperma
- Ephedra likiangensis
- Ephedra lomatolepis
- Ephedra major
- Ephedra minuta
- Ephedra monosperma
- Ephedra multiflora
- Ephedra nevadensis
- Ephedra ochreata
- Ephedra oxyphylla
- Ephedra pachyclada
- Ephedra pedunculata
- Ephedra przewalski
- Ephedra rupestris
- Ephedra sarcocapa
- Ephedra saxatilis
- Ephedra sinica
- Ephedra strobilacea
- Ephedra torreyana
- Ephedra triandra
- Ephedra trifurca
- Ephedra trifurcata
- Ephedra tweediana
- Ephedra viridis
Notes
image info
Image copyright © 1995 David R. Maddison
image info
Image copyright © 1995 David R. Maddison
References
Caveney, S., D. A. Charlet, H. Freitag, M. Maier-Stolte, and A. N. Starratt. 2001. New observations on the secondary chemistry of world Ephedra (Ephedraceae). American Journal of Botany 88:1199-1208.
Freitag, H. and M. Maier-Stolte. 1989. The Ephedra-species of P. Forsskal: identity and typification. Taxon 38:545-556.
Friedman, W. E. 1990. Double fertilization in Ephedra, a nonflowering seed plant: Its bearing on the origin of angiosperms. Science 247:951-954.
Friedman, W. E. 1990. Sexual reproduction in Ephedra nevadensis (Ephedraceae): Further evidence of double fertilization in a nonflowering seed plant. Am. J. Bot. 77:1582-1598.
Huang, J., D. E. Giannasi and R. A. Price. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships in Ephedra (Ephedraceae) inferred from chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35(1):48-59.
Huang, J. and R. A. Price. 2003. Estimation of the age of extant Ephedra using chloroplast rbcL sequence data. Molecular Biology and Evolution 20(3):435-440.
Hunziker, J. H. 1995. The karyotypes of Ephedra ochreata, E. rupestris and E. viridis. Darwiniana 33:369-370.
Land, W. J. G. 1907. Fertilization and embryogeny in Ephedra trifurca. Bot. Gaz. 44:273-292.
Price, R. A. 1996. Systematics of the Gnetales: a review of morphological and molecular evidence. International Journal of Plant Sciences157(6, Suppl.): S40-S49.
Rydin, C., K. R. Pedersen, and E. M. Friis. 2004. On the evolutionary history of Ephedra: Cretaceous fossils and extant molecules.
Yang, Y., B.-Y. Geng, D. L. Dilcher, Z.-D. Chen, and T. A. Lott. 2005. Morphology and affinities of an Early Cretaceous Ephedra (Ephedraceae) from China. American Journal of Botany 92:231-241.
Title Illustrations
| Scientific Name | Ephedra |
|---|---|
| Specimen Condition | Live Specimen |
| Copyright | © 1995 David R. Maddison |
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